Thursday, August 27, 2020

Organisation and change Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Association and change - Article Example This brings faithfulness from establishments and providers and they become more submitted for the organization's development (Aswathappa, 2006). The organization is anyway tested by the need to consistently enhance to develop while working impeccably (Gubman and Russell, 2006). This report will discover how McDonald's is overseeing change to make due in the serious business condition. The point of this report is to introduce a merged change portfolio for McDonald's. The target of this investigation is to discover the drivers of progress for this cheap food joint and this will be accomplished by P.E.S.T and. Power field examination. The goal of the investigation is likewise to recognize and legitimize the sort of progress McDonald's is confronting. Also, the report will introduce the way toward overseeing change inside McDonald's by utilizing significant change models. Various books, diaries and magazines have been utilized to gather data for setting up this report. The report will be isolated into a few areas and will likewise incorporate an outline of discoveries and proposals just as end. McDonald's has been asked by the US government to guarantee the strength of its clients. The organization recognized that a portion of their providers were intensely utilizing development invigorating anti-toxins on chicken, meat and pork. These synthetic concoctions were demonstrated to be harmful to human wellbeing and the specialists requested that the food goliath help control this training. McDonald's has asked the providers from the meat business to eliminate the training or lose business. The organization is likewise working with People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals to improve the manners by which creatures are raised and butchered (Greider, 2003). Financial The quantity of kids additionally expanded because of the ascent in per capita salary during the 1950s. This great financial period saw an expansion in the quantity of rural areas in America and this empowered the multiplication of chain cafés, for example, McDonald's. The organization opened eateries in helpful areas where families in their vehicles could eat rapidly the entirely reasonable food (Debres, 2005). McDonald's cafés were available in countless American rural areas by 1965 and the organization maintained a strategic distance from downtown areas until the 1970s. The organization ventured outside US in 1967 and entered Canada and Puerto Rico. It at that point forayed into Europe and discovered that it won't be effective on the off chance that it kept on working in suburbia. There was no business advancement in suburbia of Europe and the principle markets were in the focal urban communities (Debres, 2005). Social McDonald's prevalence took off during the 1950s and 1960s when the Americans changed their way of life and started to appreciate the post-war period. Progressively number of Americans chose to have more youngsters and it turned into a typical sight to see families with at least three kids. McDonald's was arranged towards the family showcase and focussed on pulling in little youngsters, adolescents and youthful grown-ups (Debres, 2005). Today, the clients visiting these food joints value a feeling of opportunity they feel once they step into the office. The youthful grown-ups are exceptionally glad about oneself help idea and the insignificant grown-up contact they have in

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Sadomasochism in Female Addicted Trauma Survivors Free Essays

Reference: Southern, S. (2002). The tie that ties: Sadomasochism in female dependent injury survivors. We will compose a custom exposition test on Sadomasochism in Female Addicted Trauma Survivors or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now Distributer: Brunner Routledge, 9(4), 209. Recovered from http://www. mendeley. com/look into/tie-ties sadomasochism-female-dependent injury survivors/Introduction: The general region being researched is ladies and addictive issue that come from previous existence injury. The motivation behind the examination is to research contextual investigations of ladies with awful pasts and to check whether the topic of sadomasochistic conduct is common in all examinations. The autonomous factors would be simply the contextual analyses and the reliant variable would be the repetitive subjects in each investigation. Strategies: Participants: The scientists discovered members who had all experienced past injury in their childhoods and were showing addictive practices in their present lives. Measures: The scientists utilized a table that spoke to the four pieces of the character, which were: twisted person, masochist, subordinate, someone who is addicted. These four pieces of character show themselves in self versus different connections and love versus ate connections the injury survivor is associated with. They likewise breakdown the way toward indoctrinating versus psychotherapy and clarify how one is utilized to fortify negative standards and the other is intended to enable the patient to recuperate and work their past issues. The elements of sadomasochism in the women’s lives was likewise clarified. Technique: Case examines were accumulated and afterward investigated for repeating topics of sadomasochistic conduct. Results and conversation: The creators found a typical subject of sadomasochistic conduct in all the contextual investigations of the ladies with the existence injury condition. The examination depicts sadomasochistic conduct as a destructive direction for living and furthermore gives itemized reasons with respect to why the ladies settled on the decision to live such a way of life. Ends: The examination disclosed to me that sadomasochistic conduct in female addicts who encountered the existence injury condition was hindering to their recuperation since it renacted past maltreatment at that point fortified the negative sentiments related with the maltreatment. The examination clarified some thinking behind sadomasochistic conduct in ladies with past maltreatment. Step by step instructions to refer to Sadomasochism in Female Addicted Trauma Survivors, Essay models

Fredrick Douglass

Fredrick Douglass Essay The extraordinary social equality lobbyist Frederick Douglass was naturally introduced to subjection on a Maryland Eastern Shore manor in February 1818. His given name, Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, appeared to predict an uncommon life for this child of a field hand and a white man, in all probability Douglass' first ace, Captain Aaron Anthony. Maybe Harriet Bailey gave her child such a recognized name with the expectation that his life would be better than hers.She could barely envision that her child's life would keep on being a wellspring of intrigue and motivation almost 190 years fter his introduction to the world. For sure, it is elusive any individual who all the more intently encapsulates the current year's Black History Month topic, â€Å"From Slavery to Freedom: Africans in the Americas. † Like numerous in the nineteenth-century United States, Frederick Douglass got away from the revulsions of subjugation to appreciate an existence of opportunity, yet his special individual drive to accomplish Justice for his race drove him to commit his life to the abrogation of subjection and the development for dark common rights.His searing rhetoric and unprecedented accomplishments created an inheritance that extends his impact over the hundreds of years, aking Frederick Douglass a good example for the twenty-first century. One explanation Douglass' story keeps on reverberating is that his life encapsulates the American fantasy about defeating snags and arriving at one's objectives. Youthful Frederick Bailey went through his initial twenty years in subjection, first on a Talbot County, Maryland estate, at that point in the boat building city of Baltimore.In the first of three life accounts, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, distributed in 1845, he describes the affliction of his initial life. He infrequently observed his mom who filled in as an ield hand, had scarcely enough garments to cover his body, and needed to eat from a trough like a farmstead animal. As he developed mature enough to work he went through a progression of experts, some sort and some unfeeling. The impact of Frederick Douglass comes to past his representative job as America's most well known previous slave, in spite of the fact that in the course of his life moving from subjection to opportunity demonstrated a colossal accomplishment.He keeps on being pertinent to both history and present day American culture since he moved past appreciating opportunity to edicate his life to the rule that battle is important to accomplish progress. His craving to make his reality an all the more Just spot drove him to fght for the nullification of subjection and to help social Justice and social liberties for African Americans and ladies. We would do well to follow his model, and to take motivation from his acclaimed words that â€Å"It isn't light that we need, however fire; it isn't the delicate shower, yet thunder. We need the temp est, the hurricane, and the tremor. † Fredrick Douglass By Ishman2941

Friday, August 21, 2020

Essay Topics in Tamil - Things to Remember When Using These Essay Topics

Essay Topics in Tamil - Things to Remember When Using These Essay TopicsThere are several general essay topics in Tamil which one can use in their writing. However, the foremost thing that needs to be remembered when going through these essay topics is that one should not be too particular with them.All the essay topics in Tamil which one can use for writing are suitable and interesting to the people. Therefore, the writers need to remember that a single word can change the entire meaning of the written piece.General essay topics in Tamil which can be used by the students include social aspects of the country. This includes the social structures of the country, the importance of the social infrastructure and the governance policies adopted by the government. Other than this, there are many other general themes of the country's lifestyle such as the religious communities, food habits and customs, handicrafts and crafts, etc.Similarly, there are several essay topics in Tamil which can be used for writing the educational topics. These are related to subjects like history, geography, math, literature, science, etc.General topic of essays can also be about the location of the country. The essay topics in Tamil which are focused on this issue include how the country is faring in different areas of the world, what is the role of science and technology in the nation's growth, the festivals in the country and the other cultural aspect.Writing the essay topics can be quite difficult if the writer does not understand Tamil. However, there are many websites available on the internet which have Tamil language guides which can be used for understanding the basic concepts of Tamil.These guides will play an important role in helping the readers understand the basic idea of the subject. It is therefore important that the writer should go through these guides and then he or she can learn the art of writing Tamil in a systematic manner.The internet has provided the writers with a ll the useful tools and resources required to be successful in this field. However, it is always wise to consult a professional writer who has mastered the art of writing Tamil in an efficient manner.

Junior Honor Society Essay Examples

Junior Honor Society Essay ExamplesFor many of the most competitive high school students, studying to take an essay quiz can seem overwhelming. Thankfully, there are plenty of junior honor society essay samples available, making it easier for them to tackle their paper.Although the writing process is similar for all students, writing essays in a junior honors society comes with unique challenges. Unlike many other assignments, essay quizzes are comprised of various levels of difficulty. Preparing for the task ahead of time will help you ensure that you are able to tackle it properly.Many people often struggle when trying to create essay question papers for their juniors. Essay examples from pre-made documents are also commonly used by many high school students. These types of essays tend to be a lot simpler than those created by juniors, but they are still difficult to write. However, if you want to get a hang of the concept behind essay writing, using the help of an expert may be th e best option.Since essay question papers from a senior honor society tend to be more difficult to write, it may be best to seek the help of an expert. You should first be sure that you have what it takes to become a writer and a problem solver. Many senior class scholars fail their essays and are unable to become accomplished writers, so it is important to learn from others who have done it successfully.Another important thing to remember is that writing problems are not necessarily easy to solve. They are often very challenging, which is why it is important to get a grasp on the topic ahead of time. There are different essay topics to work with as well. Before you begin, it is a good idea to look through some junior honor society essay samples and select one that best fits your own writing style.Most high school students will need to write about two different types of topics. They can either choose to write about a single topic or about multiple topics. Many students cannot decide between a single topic or multiple topics. In order to gain the right knowledge, it is best to study several junior honor society essay samples.If you are unsure which topic to choose, a good idea is to study several topics. This will allow you to identify areas that you need to cover in your essay. Also, you can choose a topic from your juniors that they are most likely to write about.By combining several essay topics, you will be able to increase your chances of writing a quality essay. You can also make the topic more interesting by adding more details to it. For example, you can add a personal anecdote to help flesh out your topic. The more in depth your topic is, the better your essay will be.

Friday, July 3, 2020

Evaluation of investment opportunities - Free Essay Example

Deveraux Deloitte Brief: 100673 A) The evaluation of investment opportunities that absorb capital assets, also known as investment appraisal, is a primary concern for corporate decision makers. Investment appraisal is of crucial importance for the financial future position of big firms, since it determines the financial flows of the firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s allocated budget and ultimately defines the level of the shareholders wealth. Primary theoretical finance suggests several techniques for appraising investment opportunities. These techniques were initially devised so as to assist financial managers or management accountants to evaluate future cash flows with a high level of certainty the potential viability and profitability of different investment opportunities. For this reason, the different methods suggested in theory are tailored to different approaches, according to the investment objectives each firm might envisage. However, previous empirical papers suggest that decision makers frequently fail to adopt in vestment appraisal methods that theory provides[1]. A possible justification for the practical deviation from theoretical instruments might be that in the light of business experience the evaluation of investment projects is less concise and clear-cut than in theory, since most investments are also subject to factors that cannot be encompassed from theory. The practical difficulties associated with the implementation of various appraisal techniques will be discussed in this essay. The long-term financial position of the firm, and thereby the future of shareholdersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ wealth, is greatly affected by the deployed source of capital assets that are used to finance investment projects. Therefore financial managers, who should aim at the maximisation of the shareholders wealth, come across an additional objective that follows investment appraisal. This additional objective will be discussed in the second section of this essay, with reference to the first section. A basic method for investment appraisal only accounts for the required repayment period of the invested funds, which for this reason is called the payback method. Financial managers, that are primarily concerned how soon the invested capital will be ready for re-investing, frequently prefer this method because of its simplicity. Payback is explicitly handy to smaller companies that are in short of available capital, thus they want to track rapidly and easily their cash flows. However, payback ignores returns that might appear right after the end of the repayment period and as such it might indicate short-eyed decisions. If, for instance, a project yields higher returns right after the end of the pre-specified payback period, payback method will evidently ignore the returns. Also, an additional disadvantage of this method is that it ignores the widely recognised property of money to devalue through time. Fundamentally, between alternative investment opportunities with the same repayme nt period, the one that yields more returns sooner should be clearly preferred. Thus payback entirely falls short to account for different patterns of cash flows that occur within the payback period. Another widespread method of investment appraisal is the accounted rate of return (ARR) that is also known as Return On Investment (ROI) or Return On Capital Employed (ROCE). This method, which is defined as the average percent profitability-on-investment ratio, is also quite popular due to the fast and easy evaluation of the investing performance of any firm straight from its balance sheet. ARR also takes no account of the inequality in the value of subsequent cashflows. Moreover, given that profits are not certain at the beginning of the period, ARR method is likely to be misleading in the selection of the most appropriate investment opportunity. Rather than overall evaluation prior to the project, ARR is more frequently used to measure the aggregate profitability after the end of the investment period. This ex ante evaluation can also rate the ability of managers to decide on the most profitable and risk free investment opportunity, although this capability is only appropriate for short-term periods. A basic distinction between investment appraisal methods is whether they take account for the devaluation of money in the very long run. The two methods discussed above do not recognise the fact that the nominal value of a cashflow today is different from the real value of a cashflow with the same nominal value in future terms[2]. Therefore, a method that discounts the future value of a cashflow into present real value can provide a better evaluation criterion on which investment project is more profitable[3]. The discounting principle is incorporated in the Net Present Value (NPV) method. NPV transforms all future cashflows into real present values, and so if net cashflows are positive an investment decision can be made. Essentially, the discounting rate that transforms future values to present values is the cost of capital, which of course has to be less than the rate of return for the project to be profitable. The discount principle allows financial managers to select between alte rnative and mutually exclusive projects, according to which NPV is greater. The cost of capital, expressed as the rate of return above, can alternatively be used in another investment appraisal discounting method. Instead of comparing discounted future values, one can compare directly the rate of return with the cost of capital. This comparison method is called the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) method, the rate of return of which is exactly the same one used in NPV above. Business experience has shown that IRR can be sometimes tricky to calculate and its use might not be of clear understanding to managers. It is true that if more than one outward cashflow is needed for a project (and this is a realistic scenario), the rate of return might take different values after subsequent cashflows are made in the life duration of the project[4]. However, IRR is not very handy for mutually exclusive projects that cannot be directly compared. This is due to the fact that discounting takes place for the whole amount of the one-off outward cashflow for each project, while other inward capital can be re-invested. In that case, NPV might seem appropriate. All the above methods of investment evaluation take only into consideration profit orientated decisions. However, big corporations nowadays might take up investment projects that have negative present value. The explanation to this seemingly irrational phenomenon is that firms wish to acquire a place in markets that have a great potential in the future, even if the markets are non-profitable at the moment. Thus firms are willing to accept a small loss today (considered as an opportunity cost) in exchange for a huge profit tomorrow. Nonetheless, it is always easier for firms to enter the competition in a market that is small and has not yet been deluged with investment funds than to attempt to enter an integrated market with huge entrance costs and fierce competition. Of course, companies always face the risk that the undeveloped market might never boom and thus never return significant profits. This risk is a necessary part of all entrepreneurial activities. Furthermore, many major investments are subject to non-financial factors that cannot be incorporated in any investment appraisal method. Such factors might be sociological or environmental concerns, changes in the relative law frameworks or unexpected economic fluctuations. For instance, some investment might have very low rate of return but still might be of vital importance for society. In that case, the project will proceed with support from the local community or public funds. Similar arguments can be put forward for the development of renewable forms of energy, the investment on which seems very unattractive at the moment. However, their development is of crucial important for the environmental and energy future of the planet. Thus, investment on renewables has to be publicly supplemented. Hereby, this section concludes that there is not a single à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“correctà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  method for appraising investments. On the contrary, it is argued that financial managers or accountants should have thorough understanding of all the techniques available in theory and deploy them accordingly to the needs and properties of each investment opportunity. B) Investment appraisal is followed by the decision on what assets should be used and from where will they be acquired. This decision lies entirely on the hands of the financial decision makers that are assumed to operate under the objective of maximising shareholdersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ wealth. Investment funds can derive from several capital sources: quoted shares, long term loans, derivative instruments, government subsidiaries (like in the sustainable energy case above) or internal finance. However, various capital sources create different sets of obligations to the firm and also are rated differently in terms of risk. Equity capital is drawn from shareholdersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ equities. When a firm sells a share, it agrees to pay back the buyer a dividend at the end of each year as compensation for the money received from the shareholder. Thus, this obligation of the firm to the shareholders lasts to infinity. That is the main difference between the equity capital and debt capital, which is acquired from loans. A loan represents an investment of an individual or institution for a contracted pre-specified period that yields subsequent contractual returns. On the other end, a loan represents a legal obligation for the borrower to repay the whole capital and its cost (the rate of return for the investor). When an investment is financed with loans, a sum of outward cashflows is created until the whole amount of the loan is repaid and the borrowerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s obligation is redeemed. Apparently, the investment is evaluated as profitable, so as to create inward cashflows (returns) that can repay t he loan (nominal capital plus interest). If the evaluation is not precise or if the investment, for some reason does not yield profits, repayments are impossible and the firm is liquidated; all unpaid debt has to be repaid, by law, before any dividends can be paid back to the shareholders. In that sense, equity providers participate indirectly to the entrepreneurial risk of the firm and as such they face a higher risk of not acquiring returns than lenders. A firm acquires a long-term loan by issuing bonds, or otherwise notes that certify the nominal value of the loan, its cost to the lender (the coupon rate) and the specific repayment dates. The cost of the debt capital as expressed by the coupon rate is actually the rate of return for the creditors, but in the same time it is the opportunity cost for the firm. It is important to stress that debt capital has to be repaid by all means. For this reason, it is important for financial managers to have access to debt capital that can be repaid and in the same time invested such that it yields the maximum expected rate of return, for a specific level of risk. The more expected rate-of-return on an investment financed with debt capital the less the danger of default. However, if loans are expensive in capital markets (thus yielding less profit for the same rate-of-return) firms have the ability and authority to alter their financial structure and thus their risk-profile. If bond prices are hi gh, the firm can issue more bonds or if share prices are high the firm can issue more stocks. Of course, the extent of this decision lies entirely to the firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s predictability of profits, a part of which is dependent on investment appraisal. If an investment appraisal is precise and returns can guarantee repayments, then the firm can issue more bonds. On the other hand, if the firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s inward cashflows are volatile and repayments are not always certain, creditors realise that they face higher danger of default from the company and so ask for greater interest on loans. In this case a company will issue more shares in order to acquire cheaper capital. In other words, debt capital should only be invested in projects that yield the highest possible returns for the same risk levels, especially if financial managers wish to maximise shareholders wealth. Thus, a company that issues more long-term bonds should make sure that the investing of this debt capital should be done in the highest possible rate of return. Otherwise, the shareholders face unnecessary increased debt capital risks and the firm should limit its borrowing to avoid bankruptcy. Given the fact that debt capital is less risky to creditors that equity capital to shareholders, the firm should be expecting a higher rate of return from investments financed from equity capital than investments financed from loans[5]. However, this is not always possible because there is a limit to the number of shares that a company can issue. For this reason, firms issue preferred stock or different kinds of bonds in an attempt to acquire capital in the best possible terms but also to reduce the possibility of default. This procedure is called risk hedging and has greatly developed the last 30 years. The basic financial instruments used for hedging are all kinds of derivatives (options, futures, forwards, FRAs, swaps and others). With the use of derivatives, firms reduce the risk imposed on equity capital and so provide further insurance on their shareholders financial position. In conclusion, this essay examined the different methods used in investment appraisal and their potential implementation from firms to evaluate investment opportunities. The payback method, based on a simple principle, is particularly useful to firms that do not have broad access to finance and need to invest with increased certainty. However, payback method can be very misleading. The Accounting Rate of Return method can be an easy median to evaluate ex ante investment decisions, especially after their fulfilment, but does not take into account the time devaluation property of money. Thus it can be also misleading, especially when ARR is directly compared with the cost of capital. Money devaluation methods are in practice more accurate. Such methods incorporate the discounting principle and account for the opportunity cost of capital. The Net Present Value method accounts for the time value of money and is more appropriate if the cost of capital needs to be re-invested or if the pro ject selection has to be made from mutually exclusive investment opportunities. On the other hand, the Internal Rate of Return method, similar to the NPV method, provides a direct realistic comparison with the cost of capital and also can be very useful when the investment decision has to be made between two or more simultaneous projects, in which case IRR provides a direct comparison. These methods of investment appraisal cannot however be the single selection criteria. Realistically, firms often have to adhere to selection criteria that overcome financial theory suggestions. In the second section, the discussion continues on the sources of capital that firms use to finance their investments. Capital allocation in a firm depends greatly on its source. It is argued that a firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s decision to increase debt capital within its financial structure should be accompanied by the increased certainty and ability to cover the firmsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ obligations to creditors. T his assumption, however, is not always sound. If a firm wishes to maximise the shareholders wealth, then the expected rate of return from investments that are financed with debt capital should not exceed the rate of return expected from investments financed with equity capital, otherwise the firm might face liquidation. And in the case of liquidation, shareholders are the last to be repaid. (Word Count:2517) References Arnold, G., (2002), Corporate Financial Management, (2nd edit.), Pitman Publishing Arnold, G., and Hatzopoulos, P., (2000), The Theory-Practice Gap in Capital Budgeting: evidence from the United Kingdom, Journal of Business Finance Accounting, 27(5) (6) June/July, p.603-624 Bratton, W., (2003), Corporate Finance: cases and material, (5th edit.), West Group publishing Brealey, R., and Myers, S., (1991), Principles of Corporate Finance, (7th edit.), Higher Education Publishers Dugdale, D., (1991), Is there a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“correctà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  method of investment appraisal, Management Accounting (UK), May, p.46-50 Dugdale, D and Jones, C., (1991), Discordant voices: accountantsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ views of investment appraisal, Management Accounting (UK), (November), p.46-50 Lefley, F., (1997), The sometimes overlooked discounted payback method, Management Accounting, vol.75, iss.10, (November), p.36 Lumby, S., and Jones, C., (2003), Corporate Finance: theory and practice, Thomson Publishers Pike, R., (1996), A longitudinal survey on Capital Budgeting, Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, 23(1), (January), p. 79-91 Sangster, A., (1993), Capital Investment Appraisal Techniques: A survey of current usage, Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, vol.20, iss.3, (April), p. 307-333 Watson, D., and Head, A., (2003), Corporate Finance: principles and practice, (3rd edit.), Pitman Publishing 1 Deveraux Deloitte Footnotes [1] Some of these papers are the studies from Arnold Hatzopoulos (2000), Pike (1996) and Sangster (1993) [2] However, a discounted payback method has also been suggested, see Lefley (1997). [3] In that sense discounting is the opposite of compounding. [4] Clearly, in an investment project that requires only one outward cashflow and regular inward cashflows, both NPV and IRR methods will produce the same results. [5] Following the basic principle that higher risk comes with great return.

Monday, May 25, 2020

THe Garden of Eden - 858 Words

Milton describes the garden of Eden with exceptionally detailed language and does an exquisite job of portraying his vision of paradise in his writing. Satan journeys to Earth and lands on Mount Niphates were he overlooks paradise. As he draws closer and observes the perfection of Eden, he is enraged by the obvious love for Adam and Eve, who were the reason behind God creating the garden. The perfection of the garden reveals of God’s favor for man and his benevolence for the tender human beings that he carefully created in His own image. Throughout Milton’s writing, he details of the luscious fruit, the magnificent the playful animals living in harmony. There are rolling hills and beautiful waters.The flowers are exotic and alluring. No†¦show more content†¦Everything in the garden is described in order to reveal of God’s greatness in creating such a perfect paradise for so lowly as a creation as man. Extra Credit: The wildness of Eden is a direct reflection of the free will that God gave Adam and Eve. He created them in perfection, just like He did the garden. All of creation is described beautiful and pure. Yet, all of the animals and vegetation are described as wild and untamed. Adam and Eve work throughout their day to arrange the vegetation and to care for the wild garden that grows freely. This freedom is a perfect example of the free will that is bestowed upon God’s creation. Although the all the living things are perfect and without blemish, they still have the ability to choose God or to not. Adam and Eve were given everything they could ever need. God gave them companionship, but sent his messenger to warn Adam of the consequences of choosing to worship Eve rather than God. Everything is perfect and pure, but also must be maintained with a balance. Too much of any good thing can become harmful. Milton paints a portrait of balance and harmony in the garden while also alluding to the freedom that all creation has been given. Question 3 Discuss both the renewed grounds for hope at the end of the epic—for Adam and Eve, their marriage, and their children—and consequences of their fall that will continue to plague them all. At the end of the epic, Michael showsShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Garden Of Eden978 Words   |  4 Pages The painting chosen to examine is The Garden of Eden by Francesco Solimena. This painting was created between 1725-30. The medium of the painting is oil on canvas. The scale, although not specified, appears to be about a couple feet high and a couple feet long. The general subject matter is Adam and Eve in the garden of Eden. It seems to be before they have discovered the forbidden fruit. The figures seem to be embracing everything the garden has to offer, they seem content and comfortable in theirRead MoreGarden Of Eden Analysis1620 Words   |  7 PagesThe story Garden of Eden introduces the first man and woman that God created. He put the two of them in a garden where they did not have to provide for themselves. God said everything that was in that garden they could use to their abilities except the tree of good and evil. Everything was perfect until Eve let the Devil bri be her into eating from the tree. Once God found out, he came to the garden looking for them. When they heard his voice they hid. Here is where the alienation comes in. God hadRead MoreSummary : The Garden Of Eden 902 Words   |  4 PagesFrancis ENGL 1301 29 September 2017 MARSHLANDS: IRAQ S GARDEN OF EDEN A marshland is a wetland that is dominated by herbs rather than wooden plants. It can be found at lakes and river streams. They usually covered by reed and grass which distinguish them from other types of wetland like swamps, bogs and fens. It has diverse species of plants, animals and insects that adapt to live in such flooded conditions. Historically called â€Å"Garden of Eden,† the Mesopotamian wetlands or marshes of Southern IraqRead MoreSummary Of The Garden Of Eden Essay1059 Words   |  5 Pagesin the Garden of Eden, where God waits for the man and woman he created to join him. We are not privileged to what the meeting was to be about or if it was a regular occurrence but by God’s response to their absence it showed that God was expecting them to join him. Also, the man and woman were familiar enough with God that they knew the sound of his presence. Genesis 3:8-9 describes the situation, â€Å"Then the man and his wife heard the sound of the LORD God as he was walking in the garden in theRead MoreEssay On The Garden Of Eden1173 Words   |  5 PagesScene 1: The Garden Eden—elusive origin of blameless life, sanctuary where Ö ¶Ã—  Ö °Ã—” Ö ¶Ã—™×” Ö ²Ã—  Ö ¶Ã— ©Ã— ¨ Ö ¶Ã—  Ö °Ã—”×™Ö ¶Ã—” (â€Å"I Am that I Am†) once mingled with gardeners, theater in which death fell in love with life. At its gate today stand cherubim with a flaming sword. Döblin and Dostoevsky inaugurate their stories with brief glimpses into Eden, whether this means the order and predictability of a prison or a child’s state of innocent freedom. All that follows is, in true biblical style, the protagonists’ effortsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Garden Of Eden 1124 Words   |  5 PagesIn the traditional Church-inspired depiction of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, Eve is responsible for taking the fruit and tempting Adam. In contrast, Michelangelo shows egalitarianism by depicting both Adam and Eve being equally responsible. Adam and Eve are not interacting with each other but are both taking the forbidden fruit from the tree. By employing traditional Jewish imagery in his â€Å"Temptation and Expulsion of Adam and Eve†, Michelangelo promoted a revolutionary change to the relationshipRead MoreSummary Of The Garden Of Eden 1305 Words   |  6 Pagesin the Garden of Eden, man was in a state of emotional bliss, for all that God had created was very good and man was without sin. Adam and Eve were perfectly content, for they knew the joy of communion with God. When Adam and Eve sinned they became separated from the presence of God and spiritually dead. Their emotional life was seriously impaired, for they felt afraid, ashamed and guilty. Their relationship became stressful as Adam blamed his wife for their condition. Life outside Eden, banishedRead MoreAdam And Eve : The Garden Of Eden1743 Words   |  7 Pagestwo human beings to live in a Paradise on earth, called the Garden of Eden, although they had fell from that state it said to be in history that they began humanity, and the loss of innocence. In the story Adam and Eve were let to be living in the Garden of Eden, where God had created one of everything. He created many fruits and vegetables, animals, plants, and trees. It was first Adam’s job to take care and live in the Garden of Eden, till one day God saw that Adam was lonely so he took mattersRead MoreReview Of Genesis And The Garden Of Eden 1440 Words   |  6 PagesGod has an agreement with humans but they change throughout the Pentateuch. In â€Å"Genesis†, God forbids Adam and Eve to eat from the fruit trees in The Garden of Eden, but there comes a snake that deceives Eve into eating from the fruit on the tree. The serpent made it seem like God’s request was absurd by rewording what God said. The Garden of Eden is express to be a paradise in literature and art but it also symbolizes the loss of paradise. Happiness and peace will be difficult to find now becauseRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Garden Of Eden 1915 Words   |  8 PagesUpon entering the Garden of Eden, one will find a bountiful place where two naà ¯ve humans reside. Eden’s beauty surpasses the imaginable; it contains crystal rivers, friendly animals, and trees bearing wondrous fruit. Adam and Eve live under the care of God. Dwelling in this beautiful garden free from sin allows one to assume that Adam and Eve are created pure and good. However, free will prevents the pair from remaining sinless. Humans are not pure because of t heir ability to choose. Milton believes

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Development of Antisocial Behavior in Children Essay

Children development refers to the changes in physiology, mentality, and emotions in children from birth (or during pregnancy) to adolescence. Children are dependent on family’s support during this time period. It is not until the beginning of adolescence that children start to develop autonomy which is the process of forming their own identity and making their own decisions. Parents have a big impact on children’s physical and mental development during this time period. They are the most available resource. They provide necessary material resources for children’s survival such as food, water, and housing. They account for most of their children’s socializations especially from birth to adolescence. They influence children’s mental†¦show more content†¦There is also a relationship or correlation between corporal punishment (physical punishment) and antisocial behavior (Grogan-Kaylor, 2005). It is very interesting to look at how negative par enting will affect children’s behavior, especially the growth of their antisocial behavior. Negative parenting is defined as harsh discipline, low supervision, showing negative emotions toward their children, and making one-sided parental decision (Lansford et al., 2003). Antisocial behavior refers to behaviors that violate society’s norms or laws (Rutter, Giller, Hagell, 1998). In children, they are usually referred as persistent lying, deceitfulness, or callous behaviors (Murray et al., 2012). Antisocial behavior in children might put the individual at risk of developing antisocial personality disorder when he/she grows up. Aggressive and disruptive behaviors are also the common reason that a child is referred to mental health services (Combos-Ronto et al., 2009). In addition, most psychopathic serial killers are diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder (LaBrode, 2007). Interestingly, in her article, LaBrode (2007) shows that most of the serial killers are vic tims of abuses and they often blame their mothers for their psychopathic outcomes. By looking at negative parenting’s effect on children’s antisocial behavior, it isShow MoreRelatedCriminology / Life Course Theory1260 Words   |  6 Pagesthe resoning behing it, as well as peoples reaction to it. One of the theories that one can study through Criminology is the Life Course Theory, which is a perspective that focuses on the development of antisocial behavior, risk factors at different ages, and the effect of life events on individual development. (Fuller: Pg 140.) This refers to a multidisciplinary paradigm for the study of people s lives, structural contexts, and social change in which they find what are the causes and factorsRead More Psychology - Life With (or Without) Father Essay1473 Words   |  6 Pagespurpose of this study was to better understand the effects of fathers’ antisocial behaviors have on their children while differentiating between those fat hers who have very antisocial behavior with those that have very little. The second purpose was the find out if the effects of a father’s being in his child’s life was the same in every family. The third purpose in this study was to find out whether the children of antisocial fathers were going to develop behavioral problems from both genetic andRead MoreThe Effect Of Poor Parenting On Male And Female Dating Violence Perpetration And Victimization907 Words   |  4 Pagesdepends immensely on parenting, as younger generations of people learn lessons and methods about their own development from their parents. They learn things concerning all different aspects of themselves, from physical to emotional to intellectual development, parenting is scientifically proven to have a major effect on civilization. Although the exact implication parenting has on children is debated, many have tried to prove the link between negative parenting and deficient social outcomes likeRead M oreNature vs. Nurture1218 Words   |  5 Pagesnurture controversy, nature proclaims that our genetic make-up plays the primary role in human development, while nurture declares that our environment dictates our development. The nature vs. nurture controversy is an age old question in the scientific and psychological world with both camps having evidence to support their theories. The controversy lies in which is more influential in the development of human beings. While there is no definitive answer for this, it is interesting to look at eachRead MoreAdolescence Essay885 Words   |  4 Pageslearning the socially-responsible behaviors that go along with healthy, well-adjusted adulthood. These obstacles can include antisocial behavior. You can consider adolescent antisocial behavior in two ways: The presence of antisocial behavior and the absence of behavior that can be deemed prosocial. Examples of antisocial behavior include aggression, destruction of property and major rule violations. Most children exhibit some antisocial behavior during their development with some exhibiting higherRead MoreA Research Study On Conduct Disorders961 Words   |  4 PagesConduct Disorders (CD) very greatly in their severity and development. CDs are best explained as multifaceted in origin and transactional over time. Some children develop signs seemingly from birth, while others have CDs that develop later on or out of Oppositional Defiant Disorders. The etiology of CDs continues to evolve as more research has resulted in additional understandings. The known causes of the disorder include: Genetic Influences, Prenatal Factors and Birth Complications, NeurobiologicalRead MoreWhat Individual Factors Have Been Found to Be Related t o Criminal Behavior and How Are These Factors Thought to Be Related to Engaging in Crime?926 Words   |  4 PagesWhat individual factors have been found to be related to criminal behavior and how are these factors thought to be related to engaging in crime? Russell Davis Specific biological factors have been identified which influence an individual’s propensity to engage in criminal behavior. Fetal development can be altered by the mother’s ingestion of harmful substances such as nicotine, alcohol, and narcotic drugs during pregnancy (Wright et al., 2008), and can result in organRead MoreHow Language Deficiency Relates to Antisocial Behavior Essay936 Words   |  4 Pagesmispronunciation of words are two common types of language deficiencies. Being unable to speak properly could have numerous effects on a person in society, which could lead to antisocial behavior. If a person becomes antisocial, they lack what it takes to coexist with society in an acceptable manner. The person with this behavior usually affects society in a negative way. Speech is the sound that comes out of our mouth and language is a measure of intelligence. When a person has a problem with eitherRead MoreThe Correlation between Child Maltreatment and the Development of Antisocial Personality Disorder1557 Words   |  7 PagesAs with many influences on human behavior, environmental actions may actually trigger the genetic predispositions toward antisocial behavior. Of these environmental triggers, childhood abuse may be the most important of situational factors. Understanding antisocial personalities in individuals with biological susceptibility to antisocial behaviors and those who experienced maltreatment in a hostile environment would be at a high risk for developing antisocial personality disorder. Although theRead MoreInfluence of Nuclear Family to Development of Antisocial Behaviour795 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction A nuclear family is a family comprising of parent(s) and children. This model of family is an important aspect in modeling the future of the children. It is within the family environment that a child learns the art of socialization. The family is the first teacher of any child. Therefore, the family a child grows in has a major part to determine how a child will turn out to be later in life. A child is a product of his/her family. There has been a major evolution of the structure

Friday, May 15, 2020

Tick Tock.. or Tock Tick in Vonnegut´s Slaughterhouse-Five

Tick-Tock.. or Tock-Tick? In Slaughterhouse-Five, Vonnegut’s message is, people are more worried about time, and have more of an obsession with chronological order, that they sometimes forget to embrace the highlights. The illusion of chronological time is a key theme in Vonnegut’s novel because it gives prime examples and scenarios where chronological time is important to the characters. Since the beginning, humans have worked with time. Humans have gradually become more and more â€Å"obsessed† with the chronological order of things, therefore, tending to forget to cherish life’s sweetest moments. Vonnegut demonstrates this theory with multiple samples of proof within Slaughterhouse-Five. â€Å"Sometimes I try to call up old girlfriend’s on the telephone late at night, after my wife has gone to bed†(7). Right from the start of the novel, Vonnegut is giving us an example where someone would rather engage in time, than cherish a moment. Many people truly embrace the fact they get to fall asleep next to their significant other, let alone be with them, every single day and every single night. Although this is not the case with the narrator at this point on the novel. The narrator, at this point, would rather secretly go behind his wife’s back and call up old girlfriend’s late after she is asleep, than lay down and rest alongside her. The illusion of chronological time appears as a recurring theme in Vonnegut’s novel Slaughterhouse-Five. Another instance where the obsession with time

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Balance Of Power Of The U.s. Federal System - 1169 Words

The Balance of Power in the U.S. Federal System By Tim Bowles PPA601 Foundations of Public Administration Instructor Dr. Leah Raby Ashford University February 8, 2016 Abstract This writing will analyze the balance of power in this nation’s federal system. Federalism is unique in many different ways, many different areas of democracy, and many ways in a citizens’ life. The first precedent for federalism is that it tolerates different languages, and different religions with abundant personal freedom while providing the center forces that binds it all together. The federal government’s framework is outlined in the U.S. Constitution, a product of political compromise. Since the early years of the Constitution, our national government has used its specialized and implied powers to become involved in virtually all areas of human activity. Participation with the tools of political change such as direct legislation, judicial interpretation, and grant-in-aid, meaning monetary funding. The debate over federalism is still present, and will endure. Parts of todays’ version of cooperative federalism will surely be replac ed by another theory of intergovernmental relations. In addition, the balance of power between the national and the state governments will continue to be settled by political means, and not by theory. The relationships of the federal system, political ideology, and freedom, is no longer as simple as it appeared; recently as 50 years ago.Show MoreRelatedRoles Of Law And Courts In Today S Business Environment901 Words   |  4 Pagesworker, or business owner everyone is subject to and must abide by the federal and state courts and laws of this country. The judicial review is the doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review by the judiciary. This is an example of check and balances in a modern governmental system. Working on a federal installation (Tinker AFB) the industry has to follow both federal guidelines and laws. Federal and State Court Structure The differences between the two court structures:Read MoreThree branches of government1113 Words   |  5 Pageschecks and balances in order to prevent misuse of power. Federalism affects how our government is run, and especially the criminal justice system. Within our criminal justice system the main components are law enforcement, criminal courts, civil courts, and corrections. Federal Government Criminal Justice System The United States federal government is made up of three branches, which all serve different purpose but are equal in power to ensure a system of checksRead MoreReviewing The Various Branches Of The United States Government1602 Words   |  7 Pagesin Understanding the Checks and Balances System Before understanding the system of Checks and Balances it may be helpful for one to understand the various functions of the three branches that make up the federal government. The federal government consists of millions of people working together and insuring that the United States is run in an effective manor thus protecting the rights of every American citizen. American citizens must rely on local, state, and federal elected officials along with manyRead MoreThe Effects Of Environmental Regulations On The Environment Essay1591 Words   |  7 Pages The only thing stopping the human population from an event of mass extinction is the federal, state, and other international governments. Climate change is a current, and very real threat, in fact, it is even considered a national security threat to Pentagon officials. Global temperatures, sea levels, and CO2 levels are all rising at an exponential rate. If action isn t taken by such levels of government, planet earth is destined for do om. The question, however, is if the government should be responsibleRead MoreThe Constitutional Convention Of Philadelphia Essay1535 Words   |  7 Pagesdefining the distinct powers for the the president, the federal courts and the Congress. This division of authority that was established is known as the principle of separation of powers, and it ensures that none of the branches of government can overstep their boundaries. One of the most important principles incorporated in the U.S. Constitution is separation of powers. The U.S. Constitution divided the central government into three branches and created a system of checks and balances as a way to preventRead MoreHistory 3011175 Words   |  5 Pagesof the Unites States Constitution outline the importance of dividing government into 3 branches, this system was designed by our forefathers to serve the people. With any division of power obstacles are bound to arise, usually when attempting to enact important legislation. Since the US Constitution was written to the present day there has been conflicts between the supporters of a strong federal government and campaigners of states’ rights. This paper will address these three aspects associatedRead MoreThe Articles Of Confederation Was A Loose, League Of Friendship853 Words   |  4 PagesThe Articles of Confederation was a loose â€Å"league of friendship† between the thirteen colonies th at would create a confederation in contrast to Great Britain s unitary system. While the Articles of Confederation helped establish a systemic role in trying to unify many of the states under a weak central government, it later created many more problems than solutions. One of them being that Congress had no ability to propose taxes to deal with war debts and running the government. Another weaknessRead MoreThe Workings And Structure Of The Federal Reserve Banks Of Usa1507 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States of America’s financial system comprises of the banking system, financial markets and nonbank financial institutions. (Lee, 2001) Banking system furthermore consists of the Federal Reserve System, foreign banks, commercial banks, offshore banks, credit unions and saving institutions. Financial markets consist of debt and money markets, equities markets and futures and options markets. Lastly, nonbank financial institutions consist of asset-based finance companies, comm ercial lendingRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1490 Words   |  6 Pagesto let the people of the U.S know how the states would be governed and also to stop the government from having too much power. The constitution is divided into three branches : the Legislative branch, Executive branch and the Judicial branch. All the branches are based on the idea of separation of power in which each branch has a specific power and responsibility and don’t rely on the other two branches to operate. All three also use the system of check and balance in which each branch isRead MoreThe Supreme Court System Of The United States1069 Words   |  5 Pagesthe U.S. Constitution, was framed a national system of government with 3 distinct branches: the judiciary, executive and legislative. The legislative branch makes the laws by statute. The judiciary interprets the law and the highest judiciary, the U.S. Supreme Court, is the preeminent and final elucidator of the law. Th e judiciary encompasses the federal court system, where the U.S. Supreme Court stands at the very top of the judiciary hierarchy. Congress was empowered to create lower federal courts

Ethics And Palliative Care For Terminally Ill Patients

In this paper I will defend ethics and palliative care as they pertain to end of life treatment of terminally ill patients. Aggressive medical administration of the terminally ill patient has created critical issues in the morals of end of life consideration. In summary, I will defend this hypothesis by arguing that the following principles, autonomy, beneficence, and justice must all be taken into consideration when treating a terminally ill patient. The noteworthy moral principles of self-rule esteem and value layout existing investigation disclosures. There is a surge of national exercises to improve end of life thought happening today. Autonomy bolsters the thoughts of informed consent, privacy and truth-telling about analysis,†¦show more content†¦Significant advances in patient autonomy have been made in insisting the good and lawful right of rationally skilled patients to settle on choices about the course of their dying. This incorporates enhancing the techniques for the declaration of patients personality. It assists and makes it better for the family to comprehend when it is an ideal opportunity to settle on a choice. Sometimes the patient s voice in medical basic leadership about forceful treatment in terminal sick conditions is not substantial because of their ailment. While doing my examination I read about Nancy Cruzan, and in this case where the US Supreme Court supported the state of Missouri s privilege to require clear and inducing verification with respect to a patient s desire to forego life-maintaining drugs. The consequence of that significant decision was a national outpouring of activity related to development mandates. It additionally incorporated the foundation of the administration Patient Self-Determination Act, which requires that specialist s offices routinely teach patients about progress directives (Tilden, 1999). At the point when nursing homes patients are transferred to acute care that will have significance importance. That happens in light of the fact that advance directives normally disregard to go with them yet in the

Ironman Essay Example For Students

Ironman Essay Family relationships and their inherent problems are the key components ofthis story. The main character Bo Brewster, as well as the other members ofthe anger management group, are confronted by these issues. Bosrelationship with his father is shown the most throughout the story. Thereare many trials and tribulations between him and his father, but itbasically comes down to that fact that they are both stubborn. This examplefrom the book shows exactly that, I disappeared. For almost seven months Iceased to exist. Dad persuaded Kathy that if I refused to respond todiscipline, my life would amount to garbage; that she could help me byrespecting his embargo absolutely. (pg.30)The next selection shows a positive relationship in Bos life. Its therelationship between Bo and his mother. While Ellen Brewster feels sheneeds to support her husbands parenting, at the same time she wants thefamily to get along. Two days after New Years, my mother came into thebedroom and asked how long I was wil ling to let this go on. I gritted myteeth, blinked back the tears, and said, Forever. She begged me. Please, Bo. Your father wont budge. You know how he is. I hate this.'This example is a conversation between Elvis and Bo. It portrays the wayBos dad is stacking the deck against his own son for Yukon Jacks. I thinkits sad that Bos dad would go out of his way to put his son at adisadvantage with a bunch of college guys he doesnt even know. Your dadwas showing these guys a bike out of a catalogand he said hed get it forthem at no extra charge. They were laughin and slappin each other on theback like a couple of yuppie bite-asses, about what a sweet deal it was toget a five-thousand-dollar bike for free. I dont know exactly what kind ofdaddy you got, Ironman, other than what youve said in here, but I figurehes settin it up for these guys to kick your ass for sure. (pg.167)The next example is simply Bo talking about the absence of his dad afterthe triathlon. This selection disturbs me personally, because his fatherpurposely helped other people try to win the race over Bo, and then when B obeat them, his dad snuck out so he wouldnt have to face him. Dad wasnowhere to be found when I rose out of the water like King Neptune at thefinish of Yukon Jacks, so I didnt get a chance to say all the things thatI wanted to say that Id have to take back laterAt first I thought Dad wasbeing a poor loser, but later I thought maybe he split because he saw me onthe Ultra-Lite and didnt want to discuss where it came from. From race dayto graduation we avoided the topic like E. coli. (pg.222)This final citation leaves you hanging, unsure of what is to happen. Youre uncertain if Lucas Brewster will resolve his problems with his son orif they will continue, but at least he attempted to untangle some of theirproblems by going to a few counseling sessions. Today I rode my bicycleover the back road to Spokane and out the Centennial Trail toward Idaho, andon the way back I passed the building where Dr. Jorgensen has his office. Isaw my dads Lexus parked outside. I dont know what will come ofthat-hell, Dad might have been there arguing about the bill-and I dont haveany expectations. But no matter what happens, Ill survive, and I wontlead a desperate life, because the eight months I spent with that posse ofragamuffin Stotans led by an undersized Japanese cowboy gave me the power tolet the world be every bit as goddamn crazy as it is. (pg.227-228)Bibliography:

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Christian Worldview on Management free essay sample

Often times it takes some strategic evaluation to know how to adjust and respond to the drastically changing society. Let’s discuss some of the changes that’ll affect human resources management over the next decade. There are many trends that have changed and will continue to change how the labor force is managed. Attracting older workers and universal health care are just a two trends that I’ll discuss. There are several men and women in today’s society that are working and performing efficiently at jobs known by the society as the opposite sex career. For example, men are taking on women jobs such as nursing, teaching, and cosmetology, and women are accepting men jobs such as manufacturing and mechanics. Women now are becoming more educated than men and are securing jobs that men usually would exemplify stronger leadership. Men recently have to work harder to prove its sovereignty over jobs that were primarily for the male gender and vice versa for the women applying to a male job. We will write a custom essay sample on Christian Worldview on Management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, over the next 17 years, the number of workers in the United States age 55 and above will increase by about 80% to over 33 million. The workforce is aging and has been for the past 10 years. Many companies will have to start thinking about what older workers are seeking and how to accommodate their needs while at work and away from work. The marketing strategy used for older workers has to be specific such as experienced, age diverse, and/or over 21. This eliminates anyone outside of these boundaries from applying and possibly eliminating some discrimination discrepancies in the workplace. Its 2013, and health care costs are constantly increasing. Employers and employees are paying more money for minimal or the same coverage they previously were offered. This has increased the number of individuals in the country who do not have insurance. Most people agree that our health care system will undergo a major change in the next 10 years. Jeffrey Pfeffer, professor of organizational behavior in the Graduate School of Business at Stanford University, predicts that we will adopt some form of universal health care system in the future. In fact, he points out, the U. S. is the only industrialized country where health care availability is employment based. He says, â€Å"In other countries, access to health care is a fundamental human right. EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) and OSHA (Occupation Safety Health Administration) are two governing agencies that monitor and regulate human resource operations. According to eeoc. gov, The U. S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is responsible for enforcing federal laws that make it illegal to discriminate against a job applicant or an employee because of the persons race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy), national origin, age (40 or older), disability or genetic information. It is also illegal to discriminate against a person because the person complained about discrimination, filed a charge of discrimination, or participated in an employment discrimination investigation or lawsuit. OSHA was created to assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education and assistance. These two directly affect my choice to discuss the trends of aging workers and universal health care. Human resource managers have to be careful not to violate any rules set by these organizations to prevent lawsuits and/or government fines. â€Å"You can get capital and erect buildings, but it takes people to build a business,† is a very true statement made by Thomas Watson. It’s important in any organization to not only have the resources to build a large company but it’s the employees that make or break the organization. You have to seek out the best individuals that will support the mission, vision, and goals of the organization. Paying someone a high salary, providing company assets, and convenient work hours doesn’t create the best person for the job. You must consider individual VABEs and make sure that they’re similar or parallel to that of the organization and its culture. Scripture tells us to â€Å"Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven. (Matthew 5:16, King James Version) We must exemplify a good image to society showing that we can adapt to its changes in an ethical and profitable way. God wants to get the glory out of all our being and we must acknowledge him at all times. References Baumol, W. J. , Litan, R. E. , Schramm, C. J. (2007). Good capitalism, bad capitalism, and the economics of growth and prosperity. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Bateman, T. S. , Snell, S. A. (2013). Management: L eading collaborating in a competitive world. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.

Friday, April 17, 2020

How to Write a Persuasive Essay Sample Using Real Life Examples

How to Write a Persuasive Essay Sample Using Real Life ExamplesA persuasive essay sample is an essay that is written to influence the reader to agree with the main thesis of the essay. Since people are very emotional, it's easy to see how a persuasive essay sample could sway the reader into accepting the main idea of the essay.One way to make sure that you write a persuasive essay sample is to use real life examples. You can take someone's personal experience and relate it to the subject of your essay. Also, it's important to find reasons why they would like to agree with you so that you will have an example of your argument.By including examples of a persuasive essay sample, you'll be able to show how an event happened to the person, and where their opinion came from. That means that you have included the viewer's point of view so that they will be able to see where you're coming from.A persuasive essay sample should include many different kinds of experiences that relate to the sub jects of your essay. These examples may be personal or business experiences, or it may be something that happened to someone else.Writing with an audience in mind can help you in several ways. It will allow you to organize the content better. It will also help you to be more concise in the essay so that it's easier to write.When you are thinking about using examples in your persuasive essay sample, be sure to write from a reader's point of view. Try to write what you have to say in the way that you feel it needs to be said. Then be sure to let the reader know what you are talking about so that the essay will flow well.Using examples in your persuasive essay is not just for students. Teachers can use them as well. Be sure to include examples of your own experiences so that you'll be able to relate them to the student when they read your essay.A persuasive essay sample can be used in many situations. By using examples, you will be able to show that your points are well supported by ot her experts. You can also use this to help your reader understand something that is confusing to them.

Saturday, April 11, 2020

Learn How to Write an Analytical Essay in 15 Minutes

Working on an analytical essay? Thinking about what to add into it? This blog will help you understand the core basics of an analytical essay. Once you are done reading it, you will be ready to write your essay easily. Quick Links 1. What is an Analytical Essay? 2. How to Write an Analytical Essay 2.1 How to Start an Analytical Essay 2.1.1 Find the Focus 2.1.2 Choose your Topic 2.1.3 Form a Thesis Statement 2.1.4 Find Supporting Evidence 2.1.5 Add Contextual Evidence 3. Analytical Essay Outline Worksheet 3.1 How to Write an Impressive Analytical Essay 3.2 How to Write a Concise Thesis Statement for Analytical Essay 3.3 How to Write Anal ytical Essay Body Paragraphs 3.4 How to Write Analytical Essay Conclusion 4. How to Perfect your Analytical Essay 4.1 Make it Error-free 4.2 Read the Essay Out Loud 4.3 Make Sure that You Have Added all the Necessary Details 4.4 Ask a Friend or Sibling to Read It For You 5. Analytical Essay Topics 6. Analytical Essay Examples 1. What is An Analytical Essay? According to an analytical essay definition, ‘it is a piece of writing in which the writer analyzes, interprets and critiques a work of art, situation, or a particular event.’ The purpose of such essays is to break down a topic into several subparts and to dissect and analyze them in detail and find out the main points. An analytical essay significantly differs from other types of essays. High school students often confuse this type of essay with argumentative essays. However, there is a sharp contrast between them, which you will learn in the later parts of this blog. The main goal of these types of essays is to analyze the main topic and convince the reader about your viewpoint. 2. How to Write an Analytical Essay Analytical writing can prove to be a difficult task for students but certainly not impossible. To learn how to write an analytical essay step-by-step, give this article a thorough read. The goal of analytical essay topics and the essays is to explain a topic in detail and with the aim that it increases the reader’s understanding. 2.1 How to Start an Analytical Essay In order to write a good analytical essay, or other academic assignments, you must first spend your time planning for it. Lets take a look at what the prewriting stage should look like. 2.1.1 Find the Focus Students can write an analysis essay on a literary work, a film or a play, or even an issue or problem faced by the society. So the first step is figuring out the core focus of your essay and presenting relevant facts from a novel, film, or the findings of your research, to back up your point of view. 2.1.2 Choose your Topic You can only start writing your essay once you have a topic in mind. Now, most professors like to assign a topic themselves; however, if you are given the opportunity to pick the topic yourself, then you have an edge. You can go with an idea that you are passionate about and find interesting, this will make research and writing the essay itself, a fun and simple process for you. 2.1.3 Form a Thesis Statement Once you have made your list of essay topics and have chosen the one for your essay, the next step is crafting the thesis statement. A thesis statement is the basis of your overall essay. The purpose of a thesis statement is to inform the readers about the purpose of your essay and the rhetorical question discussed throughout the paper. 2.1.4 Find Supporting Evidence The next step is finding evidence that supports your argument. You can opt for primary or secondary sources, depending on the requirements of your assignment. Look for the evidence that is authentic yet persuasive and directly related to the thesis. Use transition words to create proper linkage in the provided information. You can also develop an analytical essay outline to plan your writing process. 2.1.5 Add Contextual Evidence Other adding sources and evidence from credible and relevant sources, you should add quotes and paraphrased passages from the text. In an analytical essay example on a book, it is necessary to add phrases and quotes from the text as the main evidence. Adding textual examples build credibility as the reader would know that you know your work inside out. You can also develop an analytical essay outline to plan your writing process. 3. Analytical Essay Outline Worksheet Once you have gone through the prewriting stage, you are prepared for writing this type of essay. However, before beginning with the writing process, prepare a detailed outline worksheet for your essay. Preparing a good and detailed outline will help you in focusing on the main topic. Introduction Thesis Statement Main Body Conclusion 3.1 How to Write an Impressive Analytical Essay Introduction Start writing your essay with the introductory paragraph. The essay introduction aims to provide the reader with the basic background information of the issue. An introduction section starts with a hook, an interesting and engaging fact or statement. Consider it first and probably the last chance to impress your readers. The introduction should be exciting and leave the reader wanting to know more. However, be specific and keep everything brief. Do not overwhelm your readers with tons of information and keep the details for the latter part of the essay. 3.2 How to Write a Concise Thesis Statement for Analytical Essay Thesis statement comes after the introduction and it is usually a one or two liner. It is the core essence of the entire essay and this is why it should be brief and to the point. It is usually written at the end of the introduction and is a small section. To make it impressive, mention the main theme of the essay briefly. 3.3 How to Write Analytical Essay Body Paragraphs The body of any essay is the main part that consists of the flesh of the essay. Writing an analytical essay, the number of body paragraphs vary, depending upon the complexity of the topic. Generally, each paragraph is made up of a topic sentence, analysis of the original text and evidence from the text that proves your opinion and thesis statement. Please remember that each paragraph must present a single idea or topic. Do not try to add multiple ideas into a single paragraph. 3.4 How to Write Analytical Essay Conclusion Want to know how to conclude an analytical essay strong? Writing a conclusion has the same importance as the introductory paragraph. Use the conclusion to prove how and why your point of view was correct. Also, restate the thesis in a global context. However, don’t introduce new ideas at this stage. It will only confuse your reader further. Explain the importance of the issue and your stance on it to the reader. If you want to learn details about the different types of analytical essays, along with their examples, feel free to explore the analytical essay example and sharpen your writing skills. 4. How to Perfect your Analytical Essay The final step after you have finished the writing process is to perfect your draft. To do so, you must practice the following techniques. 4.1 Make it Error-Free If your essay tackles an important issue and presents a solid argument, but at the same time, if it has grammatical or spelling errors, then it won’t come across as a well-written piece of writing. Before the final submission, make sure that your essay is completely error free. Check for spelling and grammar and make sure that everything is in line with your analytical essay structure. Make it your habit to get rid of any mistakes before handing in your paper. You can do this easily by using spelling and grammar check software. 4.2 Read the Essay Out Loud It may sound weird but reading the paper out loud will actually help you in identifying your paper’s shortcomings. When writing, you may not be able to identify any complex or vague words and phrases. Reading it out loud will help you in picking such words and rectifying it before submission. Reading it this way will also help you notice the readability of your text. In case something is not falling in place, you can change it at this stage. 4.3 Make Sure that You Have Added All the Necessary Details And correctly also. Every assignment has specific guidelines and requirements and as a student, it is important for you to follow all of them. Some details include the analytical essay format, the required number of references, the required number of pages and words etc. Other details include the correct mentioning of the names of the characters and location, as mentioned in the novel, or your chosen subject. 4.4 Ask a Friend or Sibling to Read it For You Sometimes we miss minor mistakes and errors and it is natural. This is why, having someone else read it for you will help you in rectifying those mistakes. Ask your friend or a sibling to read it for you and point out structural or any other types of errors. 5. Analytical Essay Topics The range of analytical essay topics is almost limitless. You can write an analytical essay and support your points with evidence and logical arguments on topics as wide ranging as the arts, political movements, social phenomena, scientific discoveries, and current events. To help you choose a topic for your essay, we have presented some topic ideas below: How does fashion influence the lives of teenagers? Do you think that footballers are overrated in terms of pay? If yes then why? Can you imagine a world without technology? Prove your arguments.with strong evidence. Express your views on having mandatory school uniform. Provide strong arguments and proof. Voting age in the US should be revised. Agreed? Analyze Romeo and Juliet and the theme of fate. Explain and analyze different literary terms. Discuss and analyze the theme of Ambition in the play Macbeth. Analyze the role of different female characters in Hamlet. Analyze Twains Huckleberry Finn and discuss the themes of while supremacy and black slavery in the book. Analyze the concept of Power Corrupts in Marlowes Doctor Faustus. Identify and analyze different symbols in Samuel Becketts Waiting for Godot. How do the novel Of Mice and Men discusses the era of the Great Depression? Discuss the elements of fantasy and reality in the play A Streetcar Named Desire. Analyze the various symbols in the play The Glass Menagerie 6. Analytical Essay Examples To help you further, we have added downloadable analytical essay template and essay versions here. You can download them and use them as a guide for your essay writing process. Essay Writing Help If you dont consider yourself a good writer or you simply dont have time to complete your assignments then we have the solution for that too. 5staressays is the hub of seasoned essay writers who put their expert skills into providing excellent writing service. Simple, place your and enjoy a well-written piece in amazing prices.

Tuesday, March 10, 2020

Solvent and Double Bond Essays

Solvent and Double Bond Essays Solvent and Double Bond Paper Solvent and Double Bond Paper Theory and mechanism Epoxidation is a reaction of an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid (also called peracid) to produce an epoxide product, generally performed in inert solvents, such as dichloromethane. The epoxide product is a cyclic ether in which the ring contains three atoms. The alkene gains an oxygen from the peracid in a syn fashion. In this experiment, R-(-)-carvone is reacting with MCPBA, a peracid, to produce the epoxide product. Balanced equation: C10H14O + C7H5ClO3 gt; C10H14O2 + C7H5ClO2 Since the rate of reaction depends on the electronic density of the double bond, and R-(-)-carvone has two double bonds, the reaction is regioselective. The more electron-riched double bond will react faster. Mechanism: Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidant and reacts readily with double bonds. In this experiment it is used to visually identify the production in the previous reaction, since it changes color from purple to yellow-brown if reacted with alkene under aqueous conditions. Balanced equation: C10H14O2 + KMnO4 + 2H2O gt; C10H16O4 Mechanism: 2 Table of reagents . |Compound |Mol Mass (g/mol) | |Dissolution of MCPBA in CH2Cl2 |solution was clear, MCPBA dissolved | |Dissolution of R-(-)-carvone in the solution |solution stayed clear | |1. 5 h after reaction |solution was cloudy white | Part B: Syn dihydroxylation and visualization using KMnO4 (on a TLC plate) |Important steps |Observations | |TLC after 15 min, dipped in KMnO4 solution |All spots turned yellow-brown | |TLC after 1 h, dipped in KMnO4 solution |All spots turned yellow-brown | |TLC after 1. h, dipped in KMnO4 solution |The starting material was almost consumed; | | |All the spots are yellow-brown | |Evaporate the solvent to concentrate the product |The liquid obtained was transparent yellow | 5 Results 6 TLC plate Table of Rf’s Compound |Rf Value | |R-(-)-carvone | | |MCPBA | | 7 Calculations Calculation of Rf’s For the Rf of Benzil Rf = (distance travelled by the compound from the origin)/(distance travelled by the solvent form the origin) = = 8 Flow diagram 9 Discussion Since in this part of the experiment, only a liquid product was obtained, the purity of the product can only be shown by TLC plate analysis. In part A, the TLC plate obtained after 1. 5 hours of the reaction showed that the reaction was not quite complete, however, another TLC was performed after 2 hours of the reaction, and the result showed the experiment was complete (no starting material remained). In part B, the TLC plates were dipped in the purple KMnO4 solution and all the spots on the plates turned yellow-brown, showing that the product contains double bond. This cannot be a proof that the reaction was not completed or the product was not pure, since the regioselectivity of the reaction favors the electron-rich double bond. The other double may left unreacted in the reaction with MCPBA, and could be reacting with MnO4-, causing the change in color. The final product obtained was a yellow liquid. A more desirable product should be transparent orange. The use of improper equipment constitutes a source of error. In the isolation part of the experiment, the product solution was heated in a water bath to evaporate the solvent. The container of solution was a beaker, the large opening may cause the water steam to cumulate on the inner walls and cause the dilution of liquid. As an improvement, an Erlenmeyer flask with smaller opening should be used instead. 10 Questions -Addition of Na2SO3 solution: allows SO3 ion reacting with the carboxylic acid byproduct to produce Cl ion, which will react with Na ion to form salt, and then be filtered out of the solution; -Addition of Na2CO3 solution: due o the low solubility of CO3 ion in water, it will form CO2 gas and leave the solution. Na ion will remain in the aqueous phase. -Addition of Brine (saturated NaCl): because brine is very saturated, when added to a solution, it will dissolve and become less saturated, thus dries the water. a) Mechanism: b) a trans-2-chlorocyclopentanol would be obtained, because Cl- performed backside attack reaction which changes the stereosturcture of the C-Cl bond formed.

Sunday, February 23, 2020

Human Resources Diagnosis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human Resources Diagnosis - Essay Example Richland Community College, like other complex systems, takes in resources and operate on them to produce some kind of output. They therefore depend on a continuing flow of resources for their existence and thus find themselves in an endless competition with other organizations that need the same resources. The main practices introduced by the College and its leader, Bill, are change management and motivation, positive climate (achieved by equal treatment of all employees) and self-evaluation. Richland Community College is a non-profit organization thus it has to compete more effectively in order to get a larger portion of available resources, which means that those that compete less effectively get fewer resources. Organizations act much like other systems that have intelligence. They have goals and long-term strategies for achieving them. By the same token, they also have strategies for how they are going to compete with other organizations to obtain the resources they need. The mi dlevel sets the conditions, procedures, and standards for the production level and allocates resources so as to promote production efficiency and effectiveness. And it, as is true for the operations layer, may also have several levels of "real" management.

Thursday, February 6, 2020

The Farm Bill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Farm Bill - Essay Example It is revised after every five years under the supervision of Congress. This paper aims to critically analyze The Farm Bill and its relative impact on biotechnology. Additionally, the effect of government policies on the overall performance and production of farms shall be discussed. The Firm Bill is broadly defined as an omnibus legislation program which is based on multi-year authorization of farm production. It is typically designed to govern agricultural production and farmers through different food programs along with financial and legal support (Johnson & Monke, 2013). In USA the agricultural policies are part of some other major laws and therefore they are created and altered by freestanding legislation. However, the Farm Bill gives a forecasting opportunity to policy makers in order to expansively and sporadically addresses the issues of agriculture and food sector. It is therefore renewed approximately after every five years so as to meet the challenges of the modern world a nd also to play its vital role in the development of biotechnology (Johnson & Monke, 2013). It was initially implemented in USA somewhere in 1930 (Johnson & Monke, 2013). At that time its primary motive was to ensure commodity prices of rice, cotton, wheat, corn, soybeans and diary. Moreover, it was programmed to extend maximum income support to the farmers. However, later on due to the advancements in biotechnology and the changing political and economic dynamics few order things were included as part of the Farm Bill. For instance, currently it is responsible to assist nutrition and conversion, bio energy programs and horticulture in addition to insurance, credit, extended financial support, research and rural development (Mayrand, et. al., 2013). Following is a brief description of the functions and provision of The Farm Bill 2008 (Johnson & Monke, 2013): Commodity Programs: As per the commodity programs, farmers are provided extensive financial support which is also termed as th e ‘safety net’. It gives the required training to the farmers to enhance their disaster management skills and enable them to securely manage production risks, market fluctuations etc. Moreover, it includes a detailed description of government purchases. Conservation: It encourages management of farmlands and other natural environment through different working land programs. It protects and safeguards the resource material, tools and other equipment used in the progress of agricultural products. Primarily four broad programs are part of this category i.e. Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP), Quality Incentive Program (QIP), Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP). Trade: It typically deals with the export program of USA. It has to be consistent with the international trade policies while performing its functions as per the instructions of World Trade Organization. Market access program is one of its major concerns. Nutrition: Households a nd individuals have varying nutritional demands and therefore this program is designed to care for the food needs of general population. It has introduced the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and the Emergency Food Assistance Program which ensures the availability of quality food in schools and children associations. Credit: It defines the loan policies and the financial support planned by the government. Farmers can easily avail credits in order to increase their production while maintaining superior quality. Rural Development: Progress

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

Current Issues in Management Essay Example for Free

Current Issues in Management Essay Executive Summary Aim of this study This study is to analysis the selected airline business environment and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program implementations of some airline and compare with the selected airline. What is CSR CSR is an approach to business that takes account of issues associated with society and the environment in addition to more traditional business concerns of shareholders and profits. The low-fare airline â€Å"Ryanair† doing about CSR We can see the result of Ryanair CSR performance from the interviewee in this section. Analysis and discuss how the airline performance Corporate Social Responsibility. 1. INTRODUCTION In the last few decades, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has grown in importance, which is reflected by an increasing demand from consumers, employees, legislative systems, and the society for inclusive evaluations about how corporations are meeting acceptable standards. CSR plays an important role in the formation of airlines’ strategies due to the unique characteristics of the airline industry. Nevertheless, CSR in the airline industry has received relatively little attention from academics. The purpose of this study are to understand and analysis how the selected airline communicates to the outside world by implementing CSR programs. This research is exploratory by nature and is based on CSR reports published by the selected airline and related CSR information on the company websites. This topic has been chose because of the importance of CSR in business, more specifically in airline industry. What makes the application CSR programs in airline industry a particularly interesting topic to research is the highly competitive and pollutive nature of the industry. This competitive market has been caused by the price sensitivity of customers, and their desire to get good service at a decent price, as well as by the saturated nature of supply market due to multiple operators. In order to compete in the market, companies have to be cost efficient while providing best possible service. This, however, is difficult due to high operating costs that influence the whole industry. CSR is considered to be a vital part of any contemporary business strategy. In our mind focusing on CSR can provide airlines with both operational efficiency, as well as image benefits. People are becoming more aware of the social and environmental effects of their consuming habits, hence it be projected that innovative and responsible companies will continue to do well in the future, as their actions affect the purchasing behavior of customers.  The purpose of this study is to provide overview of CSR, discuss and analysis the performance of selected airline in corporate social responsibility. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN AIRLINE INDUSTRY Corporate are inseparable from society. Nowadays, the responsibility of corporations is not solely providing products and services, it must also take care of the welfare of the various stakeholders in society (Robin, 1987). Corporate nowadays do not primarily focus on profits but being society responsible which generates more intangible value. Consumers prefer to be associated with socially responsible cooperates and as a result of this, corporate will allocate response to this area and play a private role. First, the flying of airplanes will adversely affect the global environment (Miyoshi, 2009). Favorable public image can be created if the airline â€Å"greening† the environment. Secondly, promoting CSR is an attractive differentiation strategy, it gains competitive advantages and growing competition between airlines when airlines are offering increasingly similar products and service in marketplace. For meeting the expectations of various stakeholders and customers, airlines can fulfill their responsibilities as a corporate citizen especially for international airlines operates in multiple countries. There seems to be no universally agreed definition of CSR (Frankental, 2001). He even argues that â€Å"CRS is a vague and intangible term which can mean anything to anybody, and therefore is effectively without meaning†. The continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the community and society at large(Holmes and Watts, 2000). It is generally agreed that CSR refers to the obligations of the firm to society (Smith, 2003). 2.1 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY THEORIES AND STRATEGIES CSR includes four kinds of responsibilities: economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic. The economic responsibility refers to the firm’s obligations  to be productive, profitable, and to maintain wealth. Firm’s legal responsibility refers to carrying out their activities within the confines of legal requirements. For ethical responsibility refers to having ethical codes, norms going beyond mere legal frameworks, and being honest in their relationships with their customers and their own employees. Finally, the discretionary component includes voluntary or philanthropic activities aiming to raise the well-being and development of society as a whole (Carrol, 1911). CSR issues under a variety of headings: Marketplace, workplace, community and environment will be used as CSR components. Safety is the most important social responsibility for the aviation industry. From All Nippon Airways CSR report 2009, the company reports the preventive measures for two incidents occurred in 2008 that influenced stakeholder trust in the airline. In order to improve workplace relationship and employee morale, Korean Air has created an Employee Counseling Center to resolve complaints and receive suggestions from employees. For community, â€Å"I Can Fly† Program from Cathay Pacific, program is designed to encourage young people to fly high and to reach for their dreams. Being an international airline, Cathay pacific’s community investments also extend to communities outside of Hong Kong. Singapore Airline participates â€Å"the Asia and Pacific Initiative to Reduce Emission (ASPIRE)† Program in 2010, demonstrated green flight, which operated from Los Angeles to Singapore via Tokyo. As a result, it was able to use around 6% less fuel than normally required for a s imilar flight. Nowadays, customers are more aware of ethical consumption so that the airlines act in positive role in society by implementing some corporate social responsibilities’ programs. At the same times, consumers are also vulnerable to the problems and crises they are facing to, such as crisis in values and climate change, huge differences among people and also economic crisis in developed countries. Therefore, company can gain customer satisfaction and market value when they are applying the above CSR components. Corporate social responsibility means that organizations take on responsibility towards others in society, not merely on their shareholders and customers (Holloway, 2004). On the other hand, corporate social  responsibility also can improve our quality of life in the local community to solving environmental or socio-cultural problems locally or globally. CSR has found a positive relationship in both the short and long terms (Lee and Park, 2009). (Kang et al, 2010) examined the effects of positive effects of positive (proactive) and negative (reactive) CSR activities. 2.2 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY CHALLENEGES AND ISSUES Despite the potential of a Value Chain approach, the following issues need to be considered if the airline is planning to adopt or develop further more comprehensive CSR activities. Financial implications The Low-Fares Airlines business model relies on cost-reduction (Grob and Schroder, 2007). There are costs associated with implementing a CSR strategy but many are already accounted for within existing budget lines such as: Charitable giving, environmental management programs, corporate sponsorship and etc. Staffing Monitoring, evaluation and management of CSR objectives and related actions do require a staffing commitment in order to facilitate accurate reporting of costs and benefits. The size of the staffing commitment depends on the size and commitment of an organization. British Airways at the time of writing employed 30 staff working on CSR related initiatives (GreenAir 2008) Time Implement on CSR is a medium to long-term commitment that can only be fully achieved with realistic timescales built in from the start. However, there are some objectives, or â€Å"quick wins†, that can be realized in the short-term. 2.3 SUMMARY OF KEY CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ELEMENTS Review of the corporate social responsibility theories, strategies,  challenges and issue has shown that most of the international airlines (for example, Cathay Pacific Airline, Air France-KML, British Airways and etc) are very proactive in some of CSR components, for example, climate change and environment; customer relations by proving a level of customer service and comfort that ensure customer loyalty by focusing safety and security; staff personal development of the airline’s staff by offering personalized career advice, training and encouraging job mobility within the group. However, some of budget airlines, they are not really focus on CSR as a business strategy, the reason are airlines didn’t want to spend too much money on CSR because they need to control expenses for other resources to ensure tickets are low prices. Therefore, those budget airlines only focus on environment and community only. 3.1 COMPANY BACKGROUND Ryanair was established in 1985 by the Ryan family with  £1 share capital and 25 staff. Operation started with daily flights from Waterford in the southeast of Ireland to London on 15 Bandeirante aircraft (Ryanair, 2010). In 1987, the company acquired their first jet aircraft and as a result increased their network with 15 scheduled routes from Dublin to Liverpool, Glasgow, Manchester, Cardiff and opened new routes from Luton to West of Ireland. Consequently the number of passengers increased to over 600,000, but the company soon faced intense price competition with Aer Lingus and British Airways resulting to  £20m loss. During the 1990s, Ryanair decided to restructure the company by copying Southwest Airline low fares model (Ryanair, 2010). 3.2 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AUDIT OF RYANAIR From the above audit, it showed that community projects, local skill training, advertising, disability access and ethical policies are not good from interviewee’s view. CO2 emissions, charity giving, pricing, training investment and safety are just fair. However, Ryanair are good in environmental responsibility for example: paper usage, water usage and waste. To understand why the interview gave this result, it will be discussed by using the following evidences. 4. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSS OF RYANAIR CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PERFORMANCE Ryanair Corporate Social Responsibility activities report in 2011, it showed  environment, emissions trading, ethical codes and staff benefits will be implemented in coming year. For instance, Ryanair released two press releases about its 2008 Cabin Crew Charity Calendar, seven press releases for its 2009 Cabin Crew Calendar, and one press release for its 2012 Cabin Crew Calendar. Also, they even created a website for greening the environment. However, the charity calendar and other philanthropic efforts were not mentioned since 2008 annual report. In 2011 annual report, it also didn’t mention what kind of activities they did for the environment and how much fuel consumption they used. The following are the Corporate Social Responsibility performance of Ryanair between 2009 and 2012. For community, Fredrick (1986) developed the CSR analysis to include an ethical base to managerial decision taking in the form of corporate social rectitude and terms this CSR3. The theory claims that the study of business and community needs an ethical anchor to allow a systematic critique of businesss impact upon human consciousness and human continuity. When consumers book tickets at their website, charged price at the purchased stage is higher than the showed price at book tickets page. Real price has been hidden, it also counted as unethical. If the companys action can have either a positive or a negative impact on the quality of a group or individuals life, then the group or individual is a stakeholder of that company (Lepineux, 2005). On the other hand, Ryanair was not willing to provide services to those people who are disabled and older passengers has resulted in court ruling and got fines from court. After that, the airline increased the fare to all passengers and started lobbing airport and airlines, not to provide free services to disabled passengers. In 2010, The central London Country Court found it had acted unlawfully due to there was a passenger who I suffering from cerebral palsy and arthritis and be charged GBP18. Eventually, the one claimed GBP1136. Another important example of Ryanairs unethical practices is their advert in 2012. Two UK newspaper adverted for Ryanair have been banned after complaints from readers that they were sexist and treated women as objects (BCC News, 2012). The advertising Standards Authority (ASA) received 17 complaints of this advertising, and said they were likely to cause offence. However, the airline said the adverts promoted its cabin crew charity calendar and used  images taken directly from it (BBC news, 2012). The company faced probe by the Office of Fair Trading (OFT) after a string of complaints and the rules have been breached seven times in two years (BBC News, 2009). Corporate Social Responsibility as the purpose of business and the knowledge and abilities of those that run the business (Worthington and Britton, 1997). Of course, every company is making profit, even Ryanair. Therefore, their operation and the impact on the environment have to be administrated. Ryanair is not very good in marketplace of the CSR components. They got a lot of complaints of cancellations, missing bags and denied boarding. In 2011, the aviation watchdog revealed that Ryanair and EasyJet were subject to the most complaints from British airline passengers in 2010. From Ryanair website, it shows that baggage complaints per 1,000 passengers have increased from 1.18 to 1.88 from 2010 to 2011 respectively. EasyJet had the most complaints with 719 and Ryanair following with 673. It was also noted that Ryanair complaints have risen by 70% since 2005 and the Liberal Democrats said that the numbers proved service standards is a casualty of lower fares (Guardian, 2010). As explained earlier safety is the most important social responsibility for the aviation industry. However, the flight to East Midlands Airport was forced to make an emergency landing and oxygen masks were deployed (The Sun, 2012). There are differences between Ryanair and its competitors in terms of services and how they are delivered. Ryanair pledges simply to get passengers from point A to B safely and at lowest price. Some seats are sold as little as  £1 or â‚ ¬ 1, however, if flights are delayed, passengers should not expect free refreshments (Emerald, 2007). At the same time, the airline treats their employees are different with other airlines e.g. Southwest airline. Southwest airline believes that customers deserve respect, fun and dignity but that their employees come first. This is because employees would treat customers the way they are been treated (Emerald, 2007). Employees from Ryanair are disregard. Also the company is in major dispute with its operation being socially irresponsible. 5. STRATEGIC CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RYANAIR Corporate Social responsibility is very important for growth of the business so that the airline should be more social responsible by addressing the demands of the stakeholders. Building the sense in the organization being socially responsible will improve corporate image to create value. In my opinion, environmental issues should be considered the most important. Despite the airline can only contribute few percent to global CO2 emissions, there still are so many people will consider flying to be much more harmful. Therefore airlines are pressured into contributing to the environment and reducing their environment impact. Moreover, focusing on environmental issues airline can gain competitive edge through improved image and operational efficiency. Fuel efficiency, waste and recycling should be the most important to be addressed. CO2 emissions nowadays can be considered. To tackle the issue of emissions, most of the airlines have implemented programs that aim to reduce overall emissions within a certain time period. For example, Air France aims to reduce CO2 emissions 1-2 % annually. This is also important in order to achieve emissions target set by IATA. Most of the airlines focus on improving fuel efficiency, as it is by far the biggest source of emissions. Ryanair should reduce fuel consumption immediately, improved maintenance and engine washing, improved route planning and navigation. Waste and recycling are the second important environmental topic. Waste produced by in-flight operations comprises of aluminum, plastic, mixed paper and organic waste. Chemical waste includes deicing and antifreeze products, paint and detergents used in washing airplanes and engines. Other waste sources are normal business operations where paper is the predominant material. Most airlines reviewed are trying to reduce waste and focus on recycling. Airlines should move towards recycling and reduction of waste production in all operational areas. In my opinion this can be achieved by favoring longer lasting, recyclable or biodegradable materials i.e. in  catering operations. Airlines have a high impact on neighborhoods and communities surrounding their major hubs. The airline should support communities by recruiting and training staff, offering educational support and etc. i.e mentioned previously â€Å"I Can Fly† Program from Cathay Pacific. Creating the organizational culture of shared values where employees are willing and enjoy to work. Empower employees to do their job, support and encourage them in their decisions. When employees are empowers to do their job and be respected at work place, they will feel that they are part of the organization and their decision are appreciated, then they will work wholeheartedly at the airline. It can improve customer servicing, reduce complaints and improve airline performance. Safety measures also to be one of the most important areas of airline business, concerning customers as well as employees. Therefore various systems should be implemented to support safe business operations. In order to ensure work safety, trainings supported by risk management systems should be implemented. Key performances should be regularly measured and improved according to the legal requirements. 6. CONCLUSION In the recent years the importance of CSR has been increasing immensely in the airline industry. Although in many aspects airlines are still behind in comparison to other industries, it has been made apparent that environmentalism and social responsibility issues will only increase in importance in the coming years and decades. Having a business strategy is as essential as never before due to a high need in business life for forecasting, measuring and developing business actions further. There will always be competitors that are potentially doing better business regarding overall revenue which consequently leads to a need of efficient and structured operations to ensure long lasting business success. Businesses that are going to last and also be profitable in the future are the ones  with CSR incorporated into their business strategy. We therefore believe that implementing it is inevitable. Like many other business aspects a clear vision on how to implement CSR is crucial. Therefore a â€Å"road map† needs to be developed in order to ensure a successful outcome. It allows the firm to be successful whilst using its resources within its unique environment to meet market needs as well as meet stakeholder expectations (Industry Canada 2006, pp. 32-33). 7. References Alle, M. M and Schmitz, A. M. (2004). Ryanair plc. Sà ©minaire delaboration dun Business Plan, p. 1-45. Moir, L. (2001). What do we mean by corporate social responsibility. 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